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The Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (in Hungarian: ''Keleti Magyar Királyság'') is the modern name used to designate the realm of John Zápolya and his son John Sigismund Zápolya, who contested the claims of the House of Habsburg to rule the Kingdom of Hungary from 1526 to 1570. The Zapolyas ruled over an eastern part of Hungary, while the Habsburg kings (Ferdinand and Maximilian) ruled the west. 〔Béla Köpeczi, ''History of Transylvania'', Volume 2, Social Science Monographs, 2001, p. 593〕 The Habsburgs tried several times to unite all Hungary under their rule, but the Turks prevented this by supporting the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom.〔Robert John Weston Evans, T. V. Thomas. ''Crown, Church and Estates: Central European politics in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries'', Macmillan, 1991, pp. 80-81〕 The exact extent of the Zapolya realm was never settled, because the Habsburgs and the Zápolyas both claimed the whole kingdom. A temporary territorial division was made in the Treaty of Nagyvárad in 1538. The Eastern Hungarian Kingdom is the predecessor of the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711), established by the Treaty of Speyer (1570).〔Iván Boldizsár, ''NHQ; the new Hungarian quarterly'', Volume 22, Issue 1, Lapkiadó Pub. House, 1981, p. 64〕 ==John I's reign== In 1526, Hungary was defeated by the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Mohács, and King Louis II of Hungary was killed. The Ottomans withdrew their troops and did not then seek to conquer. Ferdinand of Austria, younger brother of Emperor Charles V, claimed the crown by right of his marriage to Louis' sister Anne. But most Hungarian nobles opposed Ferdinand. They supported John Zápolya, former Voivode of Transylvania, the wealthiest landholder in the country. The Hungarian Diet proclaimed him King as John I, but Ferdinand sent an army which drove John I from the country by 1528. To counter the Habsburg influence, John I formed an alliance with Ottoman Sultan Suleiman I in 1528, and even swore fealty to the Sultan in 1529. John I controlled Transylvania and the eastern part of the Hungarian plain; Ferdinand held Croatia, the western part of the plain, and Slovakia. In 1538, the two sides signed the Treaty of Nagyvárad, which made this division official, and also made Ferdinand heir to John I, who was childless.〔István Keul, ''Early modern religious communities in East-Central Europe: ethnic diversity, denominational plurality, and corporative politics in the principality of Transylvania (1526–1691)'', BRILL, 2009, (pp. 40-61 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eastern Hungarian Kingdom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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